The Physics Of A Wind Tunnel - 1397 Words

A wind tunnel is a key instrument used by Aerospace engineers to accurately measure the aerodynamic forces and moment on an aircraft model. The aerodynamic forces and moments that the model experience then can be compared to the real-life conditions that an aircraft experiences in real-time. An important in tool that allows us to find these different force is the L.A. Comp wind tunnel’s pyramidal balance. This kind of balance allows aerospace engineers to measure all the force: lift, drag, and side force; as well as all the moments: pitching, yawing, and rolling [1]. Figure 1, you are able to see where each of these forces are action and along which axis. Figure 1: Forces and Moments on an Aircraft It is important to understand where all these forces and moments are acting on an aircraft to understand how each one affects and aircraft. A crucial step before actually gathering these force and moments is to calibrate our balance. The objective of this experiment was to calibrate the L.A. Comp wind tunnel and to develop calibration plots that will later be used in future experiments. The L. A. Comp wind tunnel is a closed circuit wind tunnel that has been at the University of Oklahoma. It is a subsonic wind tunnel powered by a 400hp electric motor that spins three-seven-foot propeller at a constant speed. The speed of the air in this wind tunnel is adjusted by the pitch of the propellers adjusted by a hydraulics. The L.A. Comp wind tunnels usually operates at 150mph. The testShow MoreRelatedThe Physics of Roller Coasters1466 Words   |  6 Pageson that thought, the adrenaline pumps through your blood. Suddenly your body is flung forward as you plummet down the first drop. Then you are being forced down on the cart’s seat as you arch the bottom of the transition to going up the second hill. Wind whips in your face. The pressure of your lap bar surprises you when you realize your body has left the seat, quickly being pulled back down into place as the earth approaches. The hills get smaller but the experience gets more vivid. Some hills giveRead MoreThe Fo under of Modern Fluid Dynamics: Ludwig Prantdl1271 Words   |  6 PagesTHE FOUNDER OF MODERN FLUID DYNAMICS: LUDWIG PRANTDL A fluid is defined as a substance that does not have any determined shape and is deformed continuously by a shear force, thus it can be said that fluid mechanics is considered as a part of physics which is concerning about gases, liquids and plasmas, in the other words, no solid phases.[1] Modern fluid mechanics is based on Continuum Hypothesis. This hypothesis assumes that a matter is continuous, hence while a matter is examined, atomic structureRead MorePushing the Sensory Human Experience: The Physics of Roller Coasters1469 Words   |  6 Pageson that thought the adrenaline pumps through your blood. Suddenly your body flings forward as you plummet down the first drop, and then youre being forced down on the cart’s seat as you arch the bottom of the transition to going up the second hill. Wind whips in your face and, the pressure of your lap bar surprises you when you realize your body has left the seat, quickly being pulled back down into place as the earth approaches you . The hills get smaller but the experience gets more vivid. Some hillsRead More Scramjets - Hypersonic Jet Engines Essay1484 Words   |  6 Pagesentering the engine is already heated by friction with the engine walls, combustion chamber temperatures would exceed 5000 degrees Fahrenheit, if left unchecked. At these temperatures most metals melt, and air and fuel become ionized so that the physics of their behavior becomes unpredictable. Even when the heat is dissipated efficiently, the structural strength of most metals declines dramatically at the operating temperatures, so a different type of heat conducting material has to be used. CompositesRead MoreThe Aerodynamic Performance Of A Wind Turbine2131 Words   |  9 PagesThe aerodynamic performances of a wind turbine with airfoil Type Turbosail blades based on the lifting line model Abstract One of attracting concepts has been the use of Turbosail principle to produce lift from fixed cylinders in various engineering applications. With emerging innovative Turbosail type wind turbine technology, it is important to determine power performance and characteristics of such generators as correctly as possible. The objective of this project paper is to develop an efficientRead MoreRole Of A Professional Civil Engineer1378 Words   |  6 Pages 3.1 What kind of skills do civil engineers demand 3.2 What kind of knowledge do civil engineers have 3.3 What kinds of attributes do civil engineers need Civil engineers design major construction projects, such as roads, airports, tunnels, dams and bridges. They also supervise project construction and maintenance. They must possess a very broad skill set, from cost accounting to geology. Many civil engineers have jobs that require a very hands-on role in construction, while othersRead MoreThe Science Of The Earth Essay1164 Words   |  5 Pagesapproaches in the science of the planet Earth. This discipline can cope with lithosphere, atmosphere, biosphere or hydrosphere. Quantitative understanding has been developed by the scientists to understand the ground systems with the tools by mathematics, physics, chronology, biology, chemistry alike that help to know how the universe is evolved. Deliberations According to a news release from NASA, coronal mass ejections caused by geomagnetic storms have been enhanced in strength; as from G1 to G5, theyRead MoreMovie Analysis : Mazda Essay1527 Words   |  7 Pagesdynamism. Man, Car - Metaphor, they are joint in character. - sides of the same coin. You see the minute a driver’s hand makes physical contact with the steering wheel, there is an instant shift in the universe. A worldly connection that transcends physics, blurring the lines between flesh and machinery . A driver’s life force become supercharged, a wondrous cosmic union occurs that resonates, deep within us, stirring us emotionally, making us want to put our foot down and drive as we watch the biologicalRead MorePhysics for Industries1918 Words   |  8 PagesINTRODUCTION Physics attempts to describe the fundamental nature of the universe and how it works, always striving for the simplest explanations common to the most diverse behaviour. For example, physics explains why rainbows have colours, what keeps a satellite in orbit, and what atoms and nuclei are made of. The goal of physics is to explain as many things as possible using as few laws as possible, revealing nature s underlying simplicity and beauty. Physics has been applied in many industrialRead MoreApplications of Physics For Different Industries Essays1950 Words   |  8 PagesINTRODUCTION Physics attempts to describe the fundamental nature of the universe and how it works, always striving for the simplest explanations common to the most diverse behaviour. For example, physics explains why rainbows have colours, what keeps a satellite in orbit, and what atoms and nuclei are made of. The goal of physics is to explain as many things as possible using as few laws as possible, revealing natures underlying simplicity and beauty. Physics has been applied in many industrial

U.s. History And English - 975 Words

Cengiz Boga Ms Poblete/ Mrs. Uskert US History and English 6 May 22, 2015 Medicare Imagine your grandmother, alone in her apartment sick and no food to eat. Well, there are programs our government provides to our elderly to help them buy food, find a place to live and most importantly, help insure them. Medicare is a program that was initially created by Harry S. Truman in 1948, but Congress failed to enact it (â€Å"Curing the Health Care System†). Later it was refined by LBJ in 1965 as part of â€Å"Great Society† to help the â€Å"war on poverty†. Medicare benefits millions of senior citizens over 65 by giving them free health care or helping pay part of it. Before Medicare there was private insurance that helped people, but with Medicare a lot more people have access to health insurance. Today, Medicare provides over 52.3 million Americans with affordable health insurance. The government started taking action to help the elderly through social problems in the mid-19th century. In May of 1964, Johnson had summed up his grand vision for America in a speech at the University of Michigan, he declared that â€Å"the Great Society demands an end to poverty and racial injustice... just the beginning†(Johnson). Before LBJ and Congress brought about the first major change in Social Security, any government system that provides monetary assistance to people with an inadequate or no income, by establishing Medicare for the seniors, elderly people bought their health insurance from privateShow MoreRelatedLanguage Bridges And Barriers Of Language1198 Words   |  5 Pagesfirst amendment, diversity, and the quality of education received in the U.S. Therefore, my stance is that the U.S. should not have an official language and that the state of Arkansas does not need language related legislation. I am privileged to speak English as well as some German and Spanish. This opportunity to learn different languages has been encouraged by others and although I am completely fluent in only English, I have been provided with the resources to learn German and Spanish whileRead MoreEnglish As The Official Language1068 Words   |  5 PagesUnited States should adopt English as the official language is a complex matter that has stirred controversy among political figures and American citizens. Though the United States does not have an official language, bills are constantly being introduced to the U.S Congress Houses to establish English as America’s official language. However, Congress has yet to come to a consensus which elucidates the complicated nature of the single language policy debate. Opposers of the English Language Unity Act argueRead MoreThe United States Of America1490 Words   |  6 PagesThe United States of America (U.S.) is a nation built of immigrants. These im migrants brought many diverse languages to the U.S.. The major languages of the U.S. besides English consist of Spanish, Chinese, Tagalog, French, Vietnamese, German, and Korean. Although Multilingualism or bilingualism is uncommon in the U.S., it is common in other countries. Multilingualism or bilingualism people appear to acquire knowledge faster and have superior executive functions (Diamond). This concept was discussedRead MoreLanguage Bridges And Barriers Of Language1435 Words   |  6 Pagesfirst amendment, diversity, and the quality of education received in the U.S. Therefore, my stance is that the U.S. should not have an official language and that the state of Arkansas does not need language related legislation. I am privileged to speak English as well as some German and Spanish. This opportunity to learn different languages has been encouraged by others and although I am completely fluent in only English, I have been provided with the resources to learn German and Spanish whileRead MoreAnupama1042 Words   |  5 Pagesevolving technological expertise has lent itself to many new products and applied technologies. Moving forward into the 21st century, LG continues to on its path to becoming the finest global electronics company, bar none. [pic] LG Electronics 50-year History [pic] Download (PDF, 21.0mb) [pic]1958 Founded as GoldStar [pic]1959 Produce Koreas first consumer radios [pic]1998 Introduce the 60-inch plasma TV [pic]1999 Forge joint venture with Philips [pic]2003 Enter UK GSM handset market [pic]2005 DevelopRead MoreUs History Began in 1607 Essay696 Words   |  3 PagesFebruary 18, 2013 U.S. History 1301 V05 Instructor Gilberto Reyes Jr Did U.S. History Begin in 1607? True or False My answer would have to be true and false. I know that probably sound funny but after doing research I have found different dates in which U.S History might have started. I think that it just all depends on the person and their judgment. The topic is â€Å"U.S History began in 1607†. The year 1607, which marks the settlement of Jamestown, the first permanent English colony in North AmericaRead MoreEnglish Is An Official Language Of At Least 50 Countries.1636 Words   |  7 PagesEnglish is an official language of at least 50 countries. In this list the United States of America is excluded. English might be viewed as the national language due to its popularity in America but that is not the case. The U.S. has never had an official language since its foundation. At the foundation of the United States of America in 1780, there was some proposal by some individuals like Adam john and others who held similar opinion to start a government English academy that would teach EnglishRead MoreThe World As We Know It1508 Words   |  7 PagesMiguel Vargas Mr. O’Neal English IV` 9 December 2015 The World As We Know It The greatest nation the world has ever seen the United States of America was a vast land made up of various Native American nations that originally had their own traditions and cultures. This so called new world was already inhabited by people already but the europeans saw them as just wanting to be ruled by other inferior nations. As time has told us again and again humanity does not like to be ruledRead MoreThe Effect Of Helium, Brands Of Clothing And Or Shoes1493 Words   |  6 Pagespotential topics to be written about. Although these were intriguing topics, writing about a country was more appealing. The United States has many interesting features and historical events, why not expand and learn about other country’s culture and history. The Philippines is located in Southeast Asia in the Western Pacific as shown in the picture to the right (Map of Philippines). The philippines is made up of many different islands, the capital being Manila. There was an important historical battleRead MoreU.s. Establishing An Official Language1468 Words   |  6 PagesDiffering Opinions on the U.S. Establishing an Official Language Recently, the question of having an official language was revived due to public outrage after presidential candidate Jeb Bush’s controversial decision to speak Spanish on the campaign trail. This issue went dormant in the mid-1980s after a large push in Congress to establish English as the official language of the United States failed (King). However, with immigration coming to the forefront in the upcoming presidential election,

Literature Review on Liver Biopsy Samples †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Literature Review on Liver Biopsy. Answer: Introduction The human body is composed of extracellular materials and cells, which have been produced by cells. Histology is the discipline focusing on the microscopic examination of the human body components(Alturkistani, Tashkandi, Mohammedsaleh, 2016). Through histology, it is possible to understand the organization of human body organs and tissues. It consists of broader aspects of microscopic anatomy. There are different methods that can be used to examine structures of cells and tissue characteristics. Histological studies are important in the autopsy, forensic investigations, education, and diagnosis (Black, 2012). This article focuses on the literature review on the advantages and limitations of histology technique used to examine the liver tissues. Literature Review Liver biopsy Needle biopsy is an important histological technique used to examine liver tissue. With this technique, studies have found that it is possible to manage liver diseases(Aziaripour, Lagerweij, Scharfbilling, Jadczak, Willershausen, Van Noorden, 2016). Liver biopsy seems to be easier and safer to use as it involves the use of open and laparoscopic, transjugular, and percutaneous biopsies(Suriawinata Thung, 2015). Percutaneous allows for the use of suction needle and cutting needle techniques in examining liver tissues. This technique is least invasive, least costly and most common liver biopsy. In fact, suction needle technique offers an adequate specimen for evaluating the histologic and related ancillary studies(Liversupport.com, 2017). However, the complications leading to specimen outcome can cause inadvertent biopsy of adjacent organs like intestine, pancreas, and kidney(Suriawinata Thung, 2015). Additionally, transjugular or transvenous is an important liver biopsy method. It involves the use of catheter through the inferior vena cava, right vein, and internal jugular vein(Suriawinata Thung, 2015). The catheter technique provides a second-line procedure, especially in patients suffering from coagulation disorders, gross ascites, fulminant hepatic failure and severe obesity. Studies have indicated that transjugular technique poses considerable costs, time, and effort(Suriawinata Thung, 2015). Indeed, the percutaneous biopsy is affordable technique compared to transjugular. This is because; it involves the use of smaller fragmented specimens. Nonetheless, catheter technique allows for the use of better needles thus improved the specimen quality(Liversupport.com, 2017). The complications relating to this technique because of the multiple specimens include inadvertent biopsy, contrast-related reaction, and arrhythmia. Laparoscopic method of liver biopsy offers direct visualization of peritoneal and liver cavity. The technique allows for the use of wedge and needle biopsy, as it involves the use of larger specimen. The users of the technique have recognized the sensitivity of the chronic liver diseases and cirrhosis like viral hepatitis, primary sclerosing cholangitis, and nodular regenerative hyperplasia(Black, 2012). Conversely, laparoscopic bariatric surgery is viewed as an expensive and invasive method. With this technology, Avwioro, Iyiola, and Aghoghovwia explained that the risk of hemorrhage and anesthesia due to the invasive nature of the method(Avwioro, Iyiola, Aghoghovwia, 2010). Laparoscopic bariatric surgery is popular for the obese patients thus increase the evaluation of intraoperative biopsies for fibrosis and steatohepatitis. Computed tomography has also been used as a liver biopsy technique. This ultrasound-guided technique involves the use of fine-needle aspiration. The computed tomography avoids the use of intersecting vessels and visualizes hepatic lesion(Suriawinata Thung, 2015). For cytologic or histologic diagnosis, it is possible to handle complex anatomy cases based on the space-occupying lesion. Scholars have argued that multiple aspirations ensure adequate specimen thus makes the interpretation achievable(Black, 2012). Similarly, the cell block evident in the ultrasound-guided technique allows for the additional staining and increase sensitivity(Suriawinata Thung, 2015). However, controversial issues have emerged regarding the computed tomography because it allows for the persistent of malignant cells. Interestingly, this technique is beneficial to cirrhotic patients has it reduces the hemorrhage risks compared with transcutaneous biopsy. The liver biopsy has proved useful in evaluating patients with liver problems, especially space-occupying lesion(Liversupport.com, 2017). This technique is critical for patients with allograft dysfunction, steatohepatitis, and chronic viral hepatitis thus assesses the level of liver damage. In most cases, where the clinical diagnosis generates doubt regarding acute hepatitis, liver biopsy becomes critical. In fact, where there are multifactorial causes of acute hepatitis or mistaken working diagnosis, the liver biopsy defines the situation accurately(Ong, Gravante, Metcalfe, Dennilson, 2013). Liver biopsy has proved to be relatively safe despite being an invasive procedure. Conclusion The liver biopsy is an important histological examination technique that is based on specific routine. The systematic approach ensures diagnostic findings are accurate. It considers various anatomic structures of the tissue leading to a meaningful diagnosis. Importantly, the article has focused on the liver biopsy techniques in examining the damages and injuries on the liver tissues. It has analyzed the findings of different studies relating to the histological techniques for examining liver tissue. Bibliography Alturkistani, H. A., Tashkandi, F. M., Mohammedsaleh, Z. M. (2016, March). Histological Stains: A Literature Review and Case Study. Global Journal of Health Science, 8(3), 72-79. Avwioro, G., Iyiola, S., Aghoghovwia, B. (2010, August). Histological and Biochemical Markers of the Liver of Wistar Rats on Subchronic Oral Administration of Green Tea. North American Journal of Medical Sciences, 2(8), 376-380. Aziaripour, A., Lagerweij, T., Scharfbilling, C., Jadczak, A. E., Willershausen, B., Van Noorden, C. J. (2016). A Survey of Clearing Techniques for 3D Imaging of Tissues with Special Reference to Connective Tissue with Special Reference to Connective Tissue. Progress in Histochemistry and Cytochemistry, 51(2), 9-23. Black, J. (2012). Microbiology: Principles and exploration (8th ed.). New York: John Wiley Sons. Liversupport.com. (2017, April 10). The Advantages and Disadvantages of Liver Fibrosis Evaluation Methods. Retrieved September 6, 2017, from Liversupport.com: https://www.liversupport.com/comparing-liver-fibrosis-evaluation-methods/ Ong, S. L., Gravante, G., Metcalfe, M. S., Dennilson, A. R. (2013, January 14). History, Ethics, Advantages, and Limitations of Experimental Models for Hepatic Ablation. World Journal of Gastroenterology, 19(2), 147-154. Suriawinata, A. A., Thung, S. N. (2015). Liver Tissue Processing and Normal Histology. Retrieved September 5, 2017, from https://clinicalgate.com/liver-tissue-processing-and-normal-histology/

Why is J.J. Watt so popular Essays - J. J. Watt, Watt, JJ

Mr. Hooker English 1301-3G1 4 November 2014 Why is J.J. Watt so popular? No dream is too big if you have the right attitude and work ethic. J.J. Watt. These are great words spoken by an even greater man. Even if one knows nothing about football, teams, or players, there is no questioning his or her knowledge of who J.J. Watt is. From his charitable work off the field, to his record breaking statistics, to his many endorsement deals, one cannot deny why J.J. Watt is admired by so many. It is a well-known fact that being an NFL player and being popular go hand in hand. One of the many things that separates J.J. Watt from the rest of the players is his contributions to children in need. His vast array of charity work includes helping children who have been bullied, children who have lost their parents, as well as local pee-wee football teams. What makes his actions unique is that J.J. Watt does not perform these kind gestures for the attention, but because he genuinely cares for the children. Even after the cameras have left and the media have gotten their story, he still continues to be a part of the childrens everyday life. J.J. Watt has gained a loyal fan base for his commitment to use his popularity to help others and not to promote himself. There is no better role model for children than to see a dedicated player like J.J. Watt and all he has accomplished in his short amount of time in the NFL. As a defensive end for the Houston Texans, J.J. Watt has a long list of awards and honors. Some of them include holding the record for most quarterback hits and being named the AFC Defensive Player of the Year in 2012. With all of the recognition, J.J. Watt still remains grounded and humble. Watt has openly stated that partying, dating, and a social life all take a backseat to football. His sole focus is becoming the best defensive end in the NFL. With his achievements thus far, his popularity will only grow more as he thrives professionally. Even with the success a player has on and off the field, an endorsement deal solidifies ones popularity, not only through the eyes of the sports world, but to the general public. With the clean-cut image of J.J. Watt, a company recognizes the profitable impact of having him endorse its product. J.J. Watt has many endorsement deals in the making and one currently with H.E.B. Grocery. Watt has already helped boost H.E.B. sales with funny commercials, life-sized posters, and his overall down-to-earth persona. H.E.B. along with the other companies can use J.J. Watts popularity for their financial gain. J.J. Watts popularity is a combination of his charitable work, likeable attitude and last but not least, his incredible play on the field. A football player such as J.J. Watt will continue to grow in popularity with all of his accomplishments, both individually and professionally.

SWOT Analysis of Ryanair Essay Example

SWOT Analysis of Ryanair Essay Example SWOT Analysis of Ryanair Essay SWOT Analysis of Ryanair Essay It further evaluates alternative solutions and provides recommendation, which will help the firm to compete and dominate in the European airline Industry in terms of providing more standard services to its clients and can be the number one airline industry in the region. 1. INTRODUCTION Ryanair, set up in 1985 by the Ryan family with a share capital of just ? 1and 25 staffs has grown from a small airline flying a short hop from Waterford to London, into one of Europes largest carriers. It is Europe? s largest low-cost carrier and one of the world? largest and most successful airlines in terms of profits, number of flights and number of passengers flown. At present, Ryanair has 32 bases and 800+ low fare routes across 26 countries, connecting 146 destinations, employing a team of more than 6,000 people Michael O? Leary CEO of Ryanair was responsible for launching the first unique low fares, „no-frills? airlines in Europe. Michael O? Leary known for his aggressive management style, employed a flat management hierarchy and vigorously followed the low cost policy, on all fronts. Ryanair is also one of Europe? most controversial companies, praised and criticized in equal measure; praised for its commitment to low fares, radical management, and its willingness to challenge the „establishment? within the airline industry and criticized for its trade union policies, hidden taxes and fees, and limited customer services, and misleading advertising. Ryanair in order to make its stand in the competitive market they have to think of a business strategy to capture the targeted market through enhancing the company? s internal scarce re sources and capabilities. First part of the assignment states the critical analysis and evaluation of the key Issues in Ryanair focusing on Decision making, Planning, Organising and Controlling. Accordingly, problems challenges and opportunities have been identified through SWOT and PEST analysis. Alternative solutions have been evaluated in various forms one through the financial analysis of the company. The analysis and evaluations finally assist in prioritising recommendations for the future growth and welfare of the company. 2. Critical Analysis and evaluation of the Key Issues : Ryanair 2. Decision making The Ryanair culture gives us the indication that the company is solely depended on one person who is making the risky decision and putting everyone at stake. Ryanair CEO declared in 2003 that they shall swing from no frills airline to no fare airline but with the motive that the company introduced cost cutting and revenue generation modification to compensate the falls in the yields. The Ryanair? s CEO seems to be very dominating by making every decision of the company without involving the concerned departments. Ryanair has the concoction of Bounded rationality and intuition decision making, verdict were conceded in Ryanair mostly through intuition and overriding behavior of their CEO. According to (Robbins. S, Bergmen. R, Stagg. I, Coutler. M, 2006) â€Å"Intuition decision making is a subconscious process of making decisions on the basis of experience and accumulated judgment. † 2. 2 Planning Ryanair? s objective of â€Å" being the leading no frills airline in Europe† was achieved through a proper planning, concentrating on driving down costs to sustain low fares and remain profitable, even on low yields. Ryanair planned and implemented cost reduction strategies focusing on the following areas: Cost reduction Planning: 1. Fleet commonality 2. Contracting out services 3. Airport charges and route policy 4. Staff Cost and productivity 5. Marketing cost Other Planning Issues: In spite of the cost deduction planning, Ryanair also has designed other plans to maximize its profit and expand the market share of the company. On 1st February 2003, Ryanair announced that it was acquiring Buzz, the loss making budget subsidiary of KLM, based at Stansted. Ryanair purchased the loss making company Buzz, as it was a golden opportunity to pick up a ready- made bundle of take -off and landing slots at Stansted Airport, where there is intensifying competition for space. This would not only increase Ryanair? s share of slots in Stansted from 33 to 49. 5 per cent but also produce profit by the fiscal year end of March 2004. Ryanair also aimed to increase its sales through ancillary services in conjunction with its core airline business, because ancillary revenues would increasingly be used to subsidise falling airfares. The ancillary services -includes the availability of satellite television and internet services on flights, allowing passengers to watch their favorite television programmes. The company also undertook activities like sale of travel insurance, car rentals and many other advertisement activities. All in all, Ryanair had a good operational and long term planning. These plans were implemented carefully over the years to achieve its objective of â€Å" being the leading no frills airline in Europe† . The plans reduced the uncertainty of achieving the objective of the company, provided direction, minimized wastes and have set a standard for controlling. However, since the plan was designed by the top management of the company, it was very rigid and did not provide any space for the other stakeholders to provide intuition and creativity ideas for the business. 2. 3 Organising: According to Robbins et al. 2006, â€Å"Organisational structure is the formal framework by which job tasks are divided, grouped and coordinated. † Ryanair is observed to implement common traditional organizational designs. The organization is designed with low departments, as the aircraft handling, ticketing, baggage handling and other functions to third parties in all the airports other than Dublin airport, where it maintains its own staff and services are outsourced. The company organized this kind of a system, to limit the direct exposure to employee relations responsibilities and potential dispute. Ryanair has also organized to carry out the routine maintenance, repair services and checks on aircraft by their own engineering staff, while engine and heavy maintenance are contracted out to third parties. This organization was necessary for the company, since it was cheaper for the company to outsource to third parties rather than employing dedicated employees for the company. The control and authority of the organization is centralized in one person i. e. Michael O? Leary, the CEO of the company. The organizational structure have the advantages of wide span of control, fast and inexpensive to maintain, however as the organizational grows and expands its market, it is not appropriate and reliance on one person makes it very risky for the company. 2. Controlling Ryanair have outsourced the engine and heavy maintenance as a contract work, however the work is carried out under the supervision and planning of Ryanair engineering staff, enabling the company to retain control of quality and safety. This is a feed forward control as it prevents anticipated problems in the future (Robbins et. Al. 2006). Ryanair also have the control over the market of airlines business. Ryanair is the market leader and every airline follows the company in setting out their ticket prices, commission of the agents and other related costs. The company also have a good control over the financial position of the business, in the sense that the liquidity position, leverage, profitability ratios are maintained at a balance level. In a nut shell, the company has checked and balanced over all the activities in the company. It has a good control system implemented from the maintenance of aircraft machine to the lowest level of managing human resources. However, control measures should be implemented in attracting and retaining the existing market share of the company. 3. SWOT analysis STRENGTH Low cost airline Performance related pay structure Aggressive and innovative leadership (Michael O? Leary) Low maintenance cost Punctuality of flights Fleet commonality User friendly website for online booking Passenger charter Minimum baggage loss Major earnings from ancillary services WEAKNESS Growth addict Weak customer service Central decision making Poor affiliation with employees Falling profit yield Multiple fines by the authorities Only in EU market Earns publicity through negative press reporting. Old aircraft. Low employee morale. High turnarounds resulting in maximum Misleading information about ticket fares and aircraft utilization Reduced commission to travel agents Out sourcing Lowest labor cost due to non-unionized labor force Highest seat density destinations. OPPURTUNITY THREAT Expansion of the routes to other parts of the Competitors world Improve facilities in air From low fare airline to no fare airline Fly to central located airports Enhancing their ancillary services War, disease outbreaks Currency fluctuation Formation of union by pilots Hike in oil prices Slack customers due to poor customer service. Other modes of transportation . 1 STRENGTH Ryanair being known as the Europe? s first low cost, no frill airline is the company? s strongest positive feature. The low cost no frills policy resulted to the speedy increase of customers and development of their operation. The CEO of Ryanair, Michael O? Leary portrays a major strength to the company; his aggressive and innovative leadership proves to sta nd Ryanair at the position where it stands now. One of the largest factor acting as a positive force for Ryanair is the firm? s direction towards out sourcing certain service activities within the firm, such as maintenance and repair service. This pace might help the firm to focus on sustaining improvement with on-payroll staff and enhance customer service. Rynair? s performance related pay structure acts as a motivation for the staff and as a company it will stand out in terms of providing excellence in total organizational performance. The variety of ancillary services offered by Ryanair was the greatest source of revenue generator for the firm. According to the graph below it indicates that due to its low fare super brand passenger number grew every year, which made Mr. O? Leary conclude that† low fare always wins†. (Centre for Asian Pacific Aviation, 2009) (Ryanair passenger number growth and load factor growth: FY06 to FY09) 3. 2 WEAKNESS: Ryanair has transformed itself from an undersized industry into one of Europe? s biggest Airlines over times. However its obsessive focus on the growth and only growth has dented its public image. Its negative public image is contributed both by its aggressive CEO and unfriendly staffs. One major problem lies in the handling of customers or target market. It provides poor inflight services to the passengers further more it has misleading websites thus creating a negative impression to the airline brand. Customers are unhappy with Ryaniar because of it poor customer service the only source of attraction for them is the low fare. Old aircrafts are a major concern to think of, as it wasted lots of fuel and needed high maintenance cost especially when the currency fluctuation takes place. The firm faces a lot of unsolved issues due to lack of strategic decision making in several areas concerned with the welfare of the firm. The CEO of Ryanair Michael O? Leary is the central decision maker of the firm, this stands as a weakness as the firm has to rely fully on one person whether right or wrong. 3. 3 OPPORTUNITY: Every firm has its own set of strength and weaknesses, but to make good grasp of the bigger opportunities will further take part in the firm? s enrichment. Ryanair still has the opportunity of competing and dominating in the European airline Industry in terms of providing more standard services to its clients and can be the number one airline industry in the region. Customer ratio can increase if Ryanair can establish the latest trends in Airline management and marketing to meet the demands of their market. Additional initiatives can be taken to diversify its ancillary services which are a revenue resource and open new opportunities to make the business stronger to outstand all its rival competitors. Since Americans have allowed European Airlines to enter USA in the domestic market, as such Ryanair without doubt will be in the leading position as it will be the first carrier to fly low cost to the States. Expansion of operation to the non-EU market can stand as an excellent opportunity for the firm. 3. 4 THREAT Competition, market uncertainty and changing customer crave appears to be the largest threat in the emerging market scenario. Ryanair is continuously faced with inevitable threat of stiff competition and for it to survive in the global competition it has to develop new products with better standard than its competitors. Expansion of operation to other areas like the non-EU markets means that the firm has to adjust to the political issues and trade policies of that region. The demands of the customers are highlighted to be a challenge to the management, consumer behavior and satisfaction with regard to the product and services is also a risk. If the firm continued concentrating on money making and paid no heed to customer satisfaction, the company may fail in terms of management ability. Advancement in the technology world can tend to be a threat in the airline business, hence the company should be able to provide more distinct and advanced technological services to be able to build a place in the competitive airline industry. 4. PEST Analysis POLITICAL Accusation of Misleading advertisement Taxation rules Route charges increased by govt. Union policy EU expansion EU abolishment of Duty free sales ECONOMIC The fuel price fluctuation Currency fluctuation Increase growth rate in GDP Compensation to travelers SOCIAL Terrorism, war outbreak Flight hijack Public image of airline Customer demographic TECHNOLOGY New Boeing flights Proper website Different modes of travel The four factors (Political, Economic, Social and Technology) that play a major role in the future of the airline industry have been focused as above. These external forces have direct impact on the strategic direction at Ryanair. As Ryanair is being operated only within the EU market it can be a relative advantage to the company regarding the external Political environment as this locality maintains political stability. The only concerns on the political environment are the changing taxation rules, union policy and route charges imposed by the government. Nevertheless, on the outside of the European place of the market, the society supports economic significant difficulties put by the political forces as OPEC, the organization responsible for the petroleum production in Middle East. As majority of international revenues in the regions of Middle East comes from oil and from petroleum production / distribution, Ryanair and other business entities have no escape from it. The situation becomes worse when exchange rate fluctuation takes place. (strategic case analysis, 2005) The social environment which is completely uncontrollable can be classified as the changing consumer preferences and demographics. The consumer behavior are the most unpredictable behavior in the business scenario as their preference tend to differ from one product to another due to price differences or even lack of basic consumer reliability. From the financial statements of the company, it is observed that the company is doing well in updating the technologies over the time. It is observed that, the company can afford to purchase new jets to remain competitive in the market. Supply chain software programmes, online ticketing service for customers and other technologies were used by the company for improving the efficiencies and cutting down the cost of the services. The technological environment does not have much of an impact on the organization as of now. (Higgins. E, Ryanair, 2005) To sum up, the external environment of the business is stable compared with many other businesses that are taking place globally. The political, economic, social and technology factors are steady and easing the business to expand, however if these conditions changes in the future, there might be a huge impact on the profitability and market expansion of the business. (Strategic case analysis, 2005) 5. Financial Analysis Objective Discription Formula 2003 (E 000) 2. 9532 2. 8928 50% Liquidity test Current ratio Acid ratio Current assets/ current liabilities Current assets-inventories/current liabilities Total debt/total assets Leverage test Debt to asset Operations test Inventory turnover Total asset turnover Profitabililty Sales/Inventory Sales/total assets 4% 0% 28% 0% Profit margin on sales Net profit after taxes/Total sales Return on investment Net profit after taxes/total assets The above table shows the ratio analysis of Ryanair from the income statement of the company for the year 2003 and the balance sheet as on 31st December 2003 of the said company. From the above table it is observed that, the company is liquid enough to pay its short term liabilities from its current assets. Ryanair has E 2. 95 of current assets for the payment of E 1 of its short term liabilities. The firm is very liquid and creditors of the company will be willing to give more flexible credit terms to the company. Ryanair has a balanced leverage. In other words the company made investment on the assets by 50% debt and 50% equity. The risk and returns of the company is also balanced. The profit margin on sales is 28%. The company has a good profit margin and an increase in sales with proportionate increase in expenses will help the company to grow and expand faster. The return on investment is almost nil. The company should put in effort to utilize their assets efficiently, so that the returns from the investment can increase over the period. Overall, Ryanair has a good liquidity and leverage ratio. The company should utilize these strengths for expansion and growth of the company. However, the operations and profitability ratio are not really leading the company in the right direction. The management should focus on improving the returns from the investment ratio. (Higgins et al, 2005) 6. Critically evaluate alternative solutions: From the above SWOT, PEST and Financial analysis on Ryanair, the following alternative solutions are obtained to overcome the threats and issues of the business in the near future. Market Expansion Ryanair should diversify their services to other parts of the world as these expansions will boost the sales of the company. Ryanair is one of the economical airlines around the world and it has ample of opportunities for business diversification in other markets. Expansion of operation to the non-EU market can stand as an excellent opportunity for the firm. Introduction of unique value added services Ryanair has the opportunity of competing and dominating the European airlines industry in terms of providing standard services to the client and can be the number one airlines company in the region. Ryanair should outsource in providing unique value added services to their clients which are not provided by the other airlines at a budgeted cost. For example, a shuttle bus service can be introduced to carry their passengers from the airport -city and from city – airport at a minimum cost. These kinds of services will help the company in increasing their sales with a minimum increase in cost. Marketing research on airport selection strategy As of now, Ryanair uses the strategy of choosing secondary and regional airport destination and avoiding the congested main airports mainly to cut the cost on airport charges and utilize the time efficiently. A good marketing research and an analysis should be made on comparing the costs and benefits of current strategy and using the main airports in the city. If the report of the research finds out that, it is more beneficial for the company to use the main airports rather than he current strategy, it is advisable for the company to change their strategy and run few experiments with the new one. Marketing and advertisement Ryanair advertises primarily on its website, in newspapers and on radio and television. More advertisements should be made off course within the budget focusing the target market of the company. Product packaging , which consists of air ticket, travel insurance, hotel reservation, car rental and other services, should be designed differently for different groups of customers. This will serve as a one stop shop, which will promote the business as well increase the profitability of the company. Mergers and Acquisitions Mergers and acquisitions is one of the important strategies with big companies. Ryanair should merge or acquire with other businesses in order to improve its capabilities and acquire more competitive advantages. Human resource management In a fast changing world, where technologies and other strategies can be copied, it is the human resource that can bring a competitive advantage. The company does not seem to value its employees and belief in the competitive advantage and importance of their people in the competitive world. Ryanair should initiate steps in improving and valuing their people and frame strategies for gaining competitive advantage over their competitors. 7. Recommendations: Based on the analytical issues it can be recommended that Ryanair can merge with other companies as it can be a brilliant strategy for the growth and success of the company. In case of Ryanair it? s been noticed that the company does not value its staffs. Since, the staffs of the company are considered as one source of sustainable competitive advantage, first and foremost the company needs to priorities its Human Resource Management. Ryanair need to be more goal oriented and must not stop to review and change their marketing plan strategies frequently in order to re-originate the performance process upon the upgrading of rules and regulations imposed by the state. Ryanair is to overcome the lack of product differentiation and enhance it that will have the ability to revive revenue generation. Ryanair has land marked in the area of punctuality however the perception of good customer service has always been poor and more hived up by press. With this in mind Ryanair, while maintaining its strict rules and regulations, must make an adjustment in this area. 8. References Annual Report. (2008). „Ryanair Annual Report and Financial Statements 2008?. Retrieved August 6, 2009, ryanair. com/ Air scope, May 2007, Bird? s eye view, retrieved on 2009, air-scope. com/ Box, Thomas M, Byus, Kent, Business Publications, 2007, Ryanair (2005) Successful Low Cost leadership viewed August 6 ,2009, http://ivythesis. typepad. com Dian Ratnasari, RyanAir case, read on August 6, 2009, http:// www. cribd. com/ Eleanor R. E O? Higgins, Case Study: Ryanair, 2004 Eleanor R. E O? Higgins, ECCH Collection, Case Study: Ryanair ; Low fare airline, 1999, viewed August 8, 2009 Eoin S. O? Cuilleanain, Gonzague della Falle, Felix Sobotka, Alexander Kleinert, Solvay Business School, April 2004, Ryanair Plc, viewed on August 6, 2009 Robbins. S, Bergman. R, Stagg. I, Coutler. M, ‘Management,? 4th Edition, 2006 Ryanair 2009, retrieved on Augus t 6, 2009, http:// www. scribd. com Strategic Case Analysis: Ryanair, 2005 retrieved on August 6, 2009

Introducing ReQueue The Most Intelligent Way To Automate Social Media

Introducing ReQueue The Most Intelligent Way To Automate Social Media You + social automation have a love/hate relationship. You love the idea of setting up a social campaign ONCE and letting it run on autopilot†¦ (while reaping the amazing benefits of a consistent, relevant, and timely social schedule) BUTlet’s be real. Your â€Å"social automation reality† looks more like: †¦working overtime when those â€Å"make life easier† auto-schedules drown out  more relevant promos. chasing down rogue messages that accidentally  posted MULTIPLE times (and spammed your audience)  because the tool’s UX was glitchy and spending hours manipulating â€Å"automatic† sharing frequencies in attempt to stay in control of your social schedule. The problem: Most social automation tools don’t give you the control, flexibility, OR  global visibility  you need  to  make them worth  the effort. They can’t  react, recalibrate, or anticipate changes They don’t  allow for customization†¦ They don’t  take the rest of your planned social schedule into consideration†¦ And quite franklythey’re just dumb. 👎 Which is why we created ReQueue: the only social automation tool with built-in intelligence + added layers of control, flexibility, and visibility  over your entire social strategy. Keep scrollin’ for more details 👇 The Most Intelligent Way To Automate Your Social Media (Now With More Control + Flexibility)You can set it   forget it (with confidence) Social automation is supposed to simplify your life (not add work to it). With ReQueue- the ONLY intelligent social automation tool on the web- you can set your best social messages on autopilot, and know with confidence your messages are sent to the right places (at the right time)with minimal effort. Create your social messages (one time) Add them to ReQueue (one time) And let intelligently send them out at the best possible traffic times for each network (as many times as you want)! Best of all you’ve got total control. Just go to your ReQueue settings to make things work your way. Select the days and times you’d like us to send ReQueue messages. Then add message sending limits so you can avoid sending the same message too often. Select which social profiles you’d like to post to (and set unique send limits for each individual account). And build out custom ReQueue groups to house your evergreen social posts. Unlike other automation tools, you won’t have to worry about over publishing, spamming your customers, or missing opportunities to connect with them. With ReQueue, you won’t have to worry about over publishing, spamming your customers, or missingYou’ll get more mileage out of your messages On average, the number of touchpoints you need for people to convert (i.e. click on your social message, interact with it, etc.) is 12 times. Did you read that? 12 times. And  your audience is overwhelmed with information 24/7 on their social networks. Sharing your post once and hoping people notice it is†¦.idealistic at best. ReQueue consistently shares your posts with your audience AND gets you the results you’ve been working your butt off for! Have a social message that got tons of engagement? Add it to ReQueue right from your calendar. Set share limits to get the most out of your high-performing posts. Once your messages hit your send limit, ReQueue will automatically archive it for you. Want to share it again? You can easily unarchive top performing ReQueue messages (or entire groups) to revitalize your social strategy. So if you’ve created seasonal groups in ReQueue (for example), now you can bring them back into rotation when it makes sense for your social strategy. Remember, the average lifespan of a single social messages is mere minutes, so why are you only sharing it once? Craft those messages, add them to ReQueue, and let re-share them at the most optimal posting frequency OR in your designated time slots. Introducing ReQueue The Most Intelligent Way To Automate Social Media You + social automation have a love/hate relationship. You love the idea of setting up a social campaign ONCE and letting it run on autopilot†¦ (while reaping the amazing benefits of a consistent, relevant, and timely social schedule) BUTlet’s be real. Your â€Å"social automation reality† looks more like: †¦working overtime when those â€Å"make life easier† auto-schedules drown out  more relevant promos. chasing down rogue messages that accidentally  posted MULTIPLE times (and spammed your audience)  because the tool’s UX was glitchy and spending hours manipulating â€Å"automatic† sharing frequencies in attempt to stay in control of your social schedule. The problem: Most social automation tools don’t give you the control, flexibility, OR  global visibility  you need  to  make them worth  the effort. They can’t  react, recalibrate, or anticipate changes They don’t  allow for customization†¦ They don’t  take the rest of your planned social schedule into consideration†¦ And quite franklythey’re just dumb. 👎 Which is why we created ReQueue: the only social automation tool with built-in intelligence + added layers of control, flexibility, and visibility  over your entire social strategy. Keep scrollin’ for more details 👇 The Most Intelligent Way To Automate Your Social Media (Now With More Control + Flexibility)You can set it   forget it (with confidence) Social automation is supposed to simplify your life (not add work to it). With ReQueue- the ONLY intelligent social automation tool on the web- you can set your best social messages on autopilot, and know with confidence your messages are sent to the right places (at the right time)with minimal effort. Create your social messages (one time) Add them to ReQueue (one time) And let intelligently send them out at the best possible traffic times for each network (as many times as you want)! Best of all you’ve got total control. Just go to your ReQueue settings to make things work your way. Select the days and times you’d like us to send ReQueue messages. Then add message sending limits so you can avoid sending the same message too often. Select which social profiles you’d like to post to (and set unique send limits for each individual account). And build out custom ReQueue groups to house your evergreen social posts. Unlike other automation tools, you won’t have to worry about over publishing, spamming your customers, or missing opportunities to connect with them. With ReQueue, you won’t have to worry about over publishing, spamming your customers, or missingYou’ll get more mileage out of your messages On average, the number of touchpoints you need for people to convert (i.e. click on your social message, interact with it, etc.) is 12 times. Did you read that? 12 times. And  your audience is overwhelmed with information 24/7 on their social networks. Sharing your post once and hoping people notice it is†¦.idealistic at best. ReQueue consistently shares your posts with your audience AND gets you the results you’ve been working your butt off for! Have a social message that got tons of engagement? Add it to ReQueue right from your calendar. Set share limits to get the most out of your high-performing posts. Once your messages hit your send limit, ReQueue will automatically archive it for you. Want to share it again? You can easily unarchive top performing ReQueue messages (or entire groups) to revitalize your social strategy. So if you’ve created seasonal groups in ReQueue (for example), now you can bring them back into rotation when it makes sense for your social strategy. Remember, the average lifespan of a single social messages is mere minutes, so why are you only sharing it once? Craft those messages, add them to ReQueue, and let re-share them at the most optimal posting frequency OR in your designated time slots.

Operations Strategy Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Operations Strategy - Coursework Example The paper begins with business description and SWOT analysis of each of these three fast-food chains. From the SWOT analysis and business background information the paper shall identify the key operations performance objectives for each company and relate them to their competitive factors. The paper shall then conclude by identifying which internal performance objectives that McDonald’s, Subway and KFC need to focus on in their operations strategy if they are to remain competitive in future. 2.0. Business description and SWOT Analysis 2.1. McDonald’s McDonald’s Corporation franchised and operated a total of 32,737 restaurants in 117 countries as at end of 2010. This essentially makes it the biggest fast-food retailer in the world. McDonald’s revenues come from sales by its own restaurants and fees – in form of royalties and rent – from its franchised restaurants. Fees levied to these franchises vary depending on a myriad of factors stipulated in the franchise agreement that typically runs for 20 years. McDonald’s realised sales slightly in excess of US$ 24 billion in 2010 which was a 6 per cent increase over the 2009 revenue figures (McDonald’s, 2011). The business is managed as distinct geographic segments, namely: the US, Latin America and Canada, Asia/Pacific, Middle East and Africa (APMEA), and Europe. The bulk of its revenues originates from Europe, US and APMEA in that descending order. Within Europe, more than half of the company’s revenue comes from three countries: France, Germany and the UK. The UK therefore is a major market for McDonalds. Also according to the 2010 Annual Report, restaurants in the U.K., France and Russia are entirely company-operated (McDonald’s, 2011, p.14). 2.1.1. SWOT Analysis Strengths McDonald’s is the global market leader in the retail fast-food industry. Its huge international presence enables it to benefit from economies of scale that bring dow n its costs which supports its low-cost pricing strategy. Additionally, this huge international presence, allows the company to spread risk thus so as to reduce negative effects that may emanate from poor economic performance of certain countries. The McDonald’s brand, which is among the world’s best known is another source of strength as the company benefits from all the advantages that accrue due to brand recognition and loyalty such as increased sales. An additional strength for McDonald’s comes from its large real estate portfolio. McDonald’s real estate operations bring in large revenues and allow it to open more stores. Moreover, the strategic location of McDonald’s outlets – in areas of high visibility, traffic volume and ease of access – further strengthen its brand recognition. The company has also continued to innovate in terms of its menu variety – for example introducing limited offers, introduction of healthy salad s and shakes – and restaurant re-imaging. McDonald’s â€Å"Plan to Win† strategy that focuses on people, products, place, price and promotion that has been in operation since 2003 is also another source of strength as it shows alignment with the company’s corporate strategy. Weaknesses According to Zagat’s 2011 fast food survey, despite being the global leader in market share, McDonald’s was ranked third in the overall ratings of retail mega chains. This implies that the company’s average for food quality, facilities and customer service is lower than expected from its strong brand. Threats Rivalry among competitors in retail fast food industry is intense and it is slowly gravitating towards price competition largely because products and services offered by McDonald’s and its rivals are almost identical and there are virtually nil